問題描述
在 Swift 中使用 CollectionView 進行網格佈局 (Grid layout with CollectionView in Swift)
我想達到這個結果：
四處搜索我發現可能的方法是使用 UICollectionView，所以沒問題，因為 Stack Overflow 上有很多教程和問題。我有 3 個問題：
我找不到關於“分隔符”（分隔所有框的線）的任何信息。我喜歡它不會水平觸摸屏幕邊框。是否以編程方式完成？
為了在所有設備中平均分配空間（水平 3 個框/按鈕），我找到了這個答案 答案。這是正確的方法嗎？
對於模糊效果，我找到了這個答案：如何在 UITableView 中實現 UIVisualEffectView 與自適應 segues
對於一個 TableView 應該是：
if (!UIAccessibilityIsReduceTransparencyEnabled()) {
tableView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
let blurEffect = UIBlurEffect(style: .Light)
let blurEffectView = UIVisualEffectView(effect: blurEffect)
tableView.backgroundView = blurEffectView
}
我可以這樣做嗎？
@IBOutlet var collectionView: UICollectionView!
if (!UIAccessibilityIsReduceTransparencyEnabled()) {
collectionView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
let blurEffect = UIBlurEffect(style: .Light)
let blurEffectView = UIVisualEffectView(effect: blurEffect)
collectionView.backgroundView = blurEffectView
}
參考解法
方法 1:
Create the UICollectionViewController like this in a file that sub‑classes from UICollectionViewController:
convenience override init() {
var layout: UICollectionViewFlowLayout = UICollectionViewFlowLayout()
layout.itemSize = CGSizeMake(<width>, <height>)
// Setting the space between cells
layout.minimumInteritemSpacing = <Space between columns>
layout.minimumLineSpacing = <Space between rows>
return (self.init(collectionViewLayout: layout))
}
In the viewDidLoad you an set the background color like this:
self.collectionView.backgroundColor = UIColor.orangeColor()
My guess is you can set a background image like this:
self.collectionView?.backgroundColor = UIColor(patternImage: UIImage(named: "image.png")!)
The blur effect that you found looks good. I am having trouble figuring out how it would work though. Probably set it using the backgroundView property.
I'll update if I find the answer.
Update:
Here is an idea of something that might work for blurring the cells.
Create a cocoa‑touch class that sub‑classes from UICollectionViewCell, then add this code to it:
convenience override init(frame: CGRect) {
self.init(frame: frame)
var blurEffect: UIVisualEffect
blurEffect = UIBlurEffect(style: .Light)
var visualEffectView: UIVisualEffectView
visualEffectView = UIVisualEffectView(effect: blurEffect)
visualEffectView.frame = self.maskView!.bounds
self.addSubview(visualEffectView)
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
self.maskView!.frame = self.contentView.bounds
}
Then in the CollectionViewController file, in the viewDidLoad, change this line of code:
self.collectionView!.registerClass(UICollectionViewCell.self, forCellWithReuseIdentifier: reuseIdentifier)
Change UICollectionViewCell.self to <Name of CollectionViewCell file>.self
方法 2:
Result:
1) First of all, I think you need to change how you look at that layout. There are no separators. Just UICollectionView Cells with spacing between cells, lowered opacity and some blur.
This settings will give you something close to image you posted, you can edit it for your needs later:
On storyboard go to your UICollectionView's size inspector. Min Spacing‑> For Cells = 2, For Lines = 2. Section Insets‑> Left = 7, Right = 7.
2) I'm using this on my app to divide space equally for 3 cells. Changed it for your settings. Just copy/paste and you are good to go.
func collectionView(collectionView: UICollectionView, layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout, sizeForItemAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath) ‑> CGSize {
let screenSize: CGRect = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds
let screenWidth = screenSize.width
return CGSize(width: (screenWidth/3)‑6, height: (screenWidth/3)‑6);
}
}
And as the last step put two images on top of CollectionView, to the left and right of the view and make widths equal to 7 and heights equal to UICollectionView. These images should have same opacity/background with cells. This will make it look like the image you want. I hope my answer works for you. Good luck.
方法 3:
The first thing I would like to say is, your all above result can be achieved from UICollectionViewFlowLayout, Which is the default layout for UICollectionView.
UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout has all of the methods that can fulfill your requirements.
The flowLayout has
minimumLineSpacingForSectionAtIndexandminimumInteritemSpacingForSectionAtIndexfor giving the spacing between the cells(both horizontally and vertically).Its not a good way of giving cell frame in
cellForItemAtIndexPath(like you submit the answer link). For that flowLayout provides a delegate for sizing cellsizeForItemAtIndexPath.About the third question, yes you can use
UIVisualEffectViewfor bluring purpose but compatible for only after iOS 8 and has issue with iPad2 I guess. But for your problem I would blur each cell rather than collectionView itself(since cell spacing is not blur).
方法 4:
I cannot find anything about the "separators" (the line that divides all the boxes). I like that it doesn't touch the screen borders horizontally. Is it done programmatically?
Yes, it looks like it is rendered on to a layer. You should read the Quartz 2D Programming Guide to get a handle on drawing and working with layers.
To divide the space equally in all devices (3 boxes/buttons horizontally) I found this answer answer. Is this the right approach?
This would be an option, but would not give you the separators look you like from your screen shot.
I would have my cell view's backgroundColor is set to clearColor, and then set the UICollectionView's backgroundView property to a view containing your separators and the blur effect. Make sure the UICollectionView's backgroundColor property is set to clearColor.
About the third question, yes you can use UIVisualEffectView for bluring purpose but compatible for only after iOS 8 and has issue with iPad2 I guess. But for your problem I would blur each cell rather than collectionView itself(since cell spacing is not blur).
If you use the backgroundView property of the UICollectionView to handle your separators and blur then your cells would only need to have their backgroundColor set to clearColor.
You should note that there is more than one way to do this, each way will have it's own drawbacks choose what works for you best.
方法 5:
I have created this meethod for custom layout. You can use by modifying according to your request.
func setCollectionLayout() {
let layout:UICollectionViewFlowLayout = UICollectionViewFlowLayout()
layout.sectionInset = UIEdgeInsets(top:0,left:0,bottom:0,right:0)
layout.itemSize = CGSize(width: UIScreen.main.bounds.size.width/2 ‑ 1, height: 136)
layout.minimumInteritemSpacing = 1
layout.minimumLineSpacing = 1
collectionView.collectionViewLayout = layout
}
(by Mat、Caleb Kleveter、enoktate、Kusal Shrestha、Peter Hornsby、Manish Mahajan)